Equipment Configuration of Flotation Gold Extraction Process

01Basic principles of flotation gold extraction process

The flotation gold extraction process utilizes the differences in physical and chemical properties of the mineral surface to achieve the separation of minerals and gangue minerals through the action of flotation reagents. In this process, the target mineral particles in the slurry will selectively attach to the bubbles and then float to the surface of the slurry to form a foam layer, thus achieving separation from non-target minerals. Gold particles in gold ores are usually hydrophobic, while gangue minerals are hydrophilic. Adding appropriate amounts of collectors and frothers to the slurry can significantly improve the flotation efficiency of gold particles. In addition to flotation reagents, factors such as pH value, slurry temperature and stirring intensity during the flotation process will also have an important impact on the flotation effect.

02Beneficiation equipment for flotation gold extraction

In the flotation gold extraction process, flotation is the main equipment, and its classification and working principle play a decisive role in the efficiency and effect of the entire flotation gold extraction process. In actual production, the types of flotation machines commonly used in ore dressing plants are mechanical stirring flotation and aeration mixer.

Mechanical stirring flotation machine: bubbles are generated through mechanical stirring, suitable for processing fine-grained ores, and its stirring intensity and bubble size can be adjusted to meet the flotation requirements of a variety of different ores.

Aeration stirring flotation machine: bubbles are generated through an external period system, and the generated bubbles are uniform, which can improve the flotation speed and selectivity. This type of flotation equipment is mainly suitable for processing coarse-grained ores.

The optimization of the flotation gold extraction process requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as ore characteristics, reagent type and flotation conditions, so as to achieve the best gold extraction effect.

03Reagent addition system for flotation gold extraction

The reagent addition system in the flotation gold extraction process is a key link to ensure the mineral separation efficiency and gold extraction effect. Types of flotation reagents include collectors, frothers, adjusters, etc. In the flotation process, the dosage and timing of reagent addition are guaranteed through the precise control of the reagent addition system. Such a reagent addition system can not only improve the utilization rate of reagents, but also reduce the errors of manual operation, thereby improving the recovery rate of gold mines.

In the design and management of the flotation reagent addition system, quality control is equally important. By adopting high-quality reagents and precise addition equipment, combined with scientific process flow and operating specifications, the overall effect of flotation gold extraction can be effectively improved, ensuring the efficient utilization of gold mine resources.

04Concentration and filtration equipment for flotation gold extraction

Concentration and filtration are key steps in the cyanide gold extraction and flotation gold extraction processes, which directly affect the subsequent gold extraction efficiency and the economy of the entire process. The concentration process usually uses a thickener, which can reduce the burden of subsequent filtration and improve filtration efficiency. Vacuum filters and filter presses can be used in the filtration process. Vacuum filters are suitable for processing materials with finer particle sizes, while filter presses are suitable for materials with coarser particle sizes.

In actual production, the selection and configuration of thickeners and filtration equipment need to comprehensively consider the physical and chemical properties of the ore, the occurrence state of gold, and the process requirements. By optimizing the concentration and filtration process, energy consumption can be effectively reduced, the use of chemicals can be reduced, and the gold extraction efficiency can be improved.

05Treatment of tailings from flotation gold extraction

The treatment and recovery of tailings in flotation gold extraction can effectively improve the utilization rate of gold mines and reduce environmental impact. Since flotation tailings usually contain gold and other valuable metals that are not fully extracted, effective treatment and recovery of these minerals can not only reduce environmental pollution but also reduce resource waste. Usually, tailings can be treated by combined methods such as gravity separation, flotation, and cyanide leaching, and combined with ore characteristics for resource reuse. Different process methods are used for different types of tailings. For example, for tailings of fine gold, carbon slurry method or resin adsorption method can be used to recover gold particles. In the process of tailings treatment, it is necessary to strictly abide by the recovery process to ensure the standardization of operations and recovery efficiency. At the same time, the concentrator should adopt appropriate environmental protection measures, such as anti-seepage treatment of tailings ponds and recycling of tailings water, to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

In summary, each link of the flotation gold extraction process, from the selection of flotation equipment, the precise control of reagent addition, the optimization of the concentration and filtration process to the reasonable treatment of tailings, determines the efficiency and effect of gold extraction to varying degrees. By continuously improving these equipment and processes, we can achieve efficient utilization of gold resources and minimize the impact on the environment, thereby achieving the dual goals of economic benefits and environmental protection.