Bauxite is a mineral composed of gibbsite, boehmite or diaspore, and its main chemical component is alumina (Al2O3). Bauxite is the main raw material for the production of metallic aluminum, and is also widely used in refractory materials, abrasive materials, chemical industry and other fields. With the rapid development of the aluminum industry, high-grade bauxite resources are decreasing, and the development and utilization of low-grade bauxite is becoming more and more important. This article introduces the low-grade bauxite beneficiation method! At present, the common bauxite beneficiation methods are washing method, flotation method and magnetic separation method.
Use the table of contents below to navigate through the guide:
01Bauxite beneficiation - washing method
The washing method is a simple and effective method for low-grade bauxite beneficiation. It mainly uses water washing and mechanical stirring to remove impurities such as clay and fine mud in bauxite and improve the grade of the ore. Generally, the low-grade bauxite is first crushed and screened to remove large impurities and waste rock, and then fed into the washing machine, and an appropriate amount of water is added for stirring and washing. During the stirring and washing process, impurities such as clay and fine mud will be taken away by water, while the bauxite particles will remain in the washing machine. Finally, the washed ore is dehydrated and dried to obtain high-grade bauxite products.
This beneficiation method is suitable for various types of low-grade bauxite, especially ores containing a large amount of impurities such as clay and fine mud. However, it can only remove impurities such as clay and fine mud in the ore, and has limited effect on the removal of other impurities, so the improvement of grade is relatively small.
02Bauxite beneficiation - flotation method
Flotation is a beneficiation method that utilizes the differences in the physical and chemical properties of the mineral surface and adds flotation agents to separate bauxite from other minerals. The process is to first crush and grind the low-grade bauxite to make the minerals in the ore reach a monomer dissociation state. Then, add flotation agents, stir evenly and send them to the flotation machine for flotation. During the flotation process, the bauxite particles are adsorbed by the flotation agents, attached to the bubbles and float to the surface of the pulp, forming a foam product, namely bauxite concentrate; while other minerals remain in the pulp and become tailings.
This method has high efficiency in separating bauxite and is suitable for various types of low-grade bauxite beneficiation, especially complex ores containing multiple minerals. However, it consumes a large amount of flotation reagents during operation, which is costly.
03Bauxite beneficiation - magnetic separation method
Magnetic separation is a beneficiation method that uses the magnetic difference of minerals to separate bauxite from other minerals through the action of magnetic field. The process is to first crush and grind low-grade bauxite to make the minerals in the ore reach a monomer dissociation state. Then, the ore is sent to the magnetic separator. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetic minerals will be adsorbed on the drum of the magnetic separator, while the non-magnetic minerals will be thrown away from the drum, thereby achieving the separation of bauxite from other minerals.
Magnetic separation can effectively separate bauxite from magnetic minerals and improve the grade of bauxite. It is only suitable for low-grade bauxite containing magnetic minerals. For ores without magnetic minerals, magnetic separation cannot effectively separate them.
The above is an introduction to several common bauxite beneficiation processes. In addition, in order to achieve better beneficiation efficiency, combined beneficiation methods are sometimes selected, such as flotation-magnetic separation combined method, washing-flotation combined method, etc. The combined beneficiation method can give full play to the advantages of different beneficiation methods and improve the grade and recovery rate of bauxite.
The low-grade bauxite beneficiation is a complex process, and it is necessary to select a suitable beneficiation method according to the specific properties of the ore. In practical applications, multiple beneficiation methods can be combined and optimized to improve the beneficiation effect and resource utilization of low-grade bauxite.
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